Liquid‐based cytology of pigmented phaeohyphomycotic lesion of the palm masquerading as a metastatic tumor

Phaeohyphomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi, commonly involving the extremities, which present as single or multiple lesions mimicking a benign tumor. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an easy method for the diagnosis of the lesion. Morphology of the fungus is characteristic with no difficulty for cytopathologist for identification; with a close differential diagnosis of Candida and Aspergillosis. The special stains like periodic acid schiff (PAS) highlights the fungus and the Masson Fontana confirm the melanin pigment and dematiaceous nature of the fungi. Liquid‐based cytology (LBC) preparation of the aspirated material was attempted, which is not usually performed on day to day basis. However, in our case the conventional smears were better for appreciating the fungal morphology.     

实时超声弹性成像在诊断慢性乙肝肝纤维化程度中的应用价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨实时超声弹性成像在诊断慢性乙肝肝纤维化程度中的应用价值。方法 以2016年1月～2019年1月我院收治的慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者146例为研究对象。分别行肝脏穿刺检查及实时组织弹性成像（RTE）检查，然后进行病理分期，并记录相应的应变均值（MEAN）、标准偏差（SD）、蓝色区域面积比（%AREA）、复杂度（COMP）、峰度（KURT）、偏度（SKEW）、对比度（CONT）、均等性（ENT）、杂乱度（IDM）、一致性（ASM）、相关性（CORR），并计算得出肝纤维化指数（LFI）值。结果 与S0、S1、S2期比较，S4期MEAN显著降低（P＜0.05）；与S0、S1、S2、S3期比较，S4期%AREA、COMP显著升高（P＜0.05）；与S0、S1、S2期比较，S4期SKEW、LFI显著升高（P＜0.05）；与S0期比较，S3期LFI显著升高（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关分析结果示，MEAN、ENT与肝纤维化分期呈负相关（P＜0.05）。SD、%AREA、COMP、SKEW、IDM、ASM、LFI与肝纤维化分期呈正相关（P＜0.05）。RTE参数MEAN、%AREA、COMP、SKEW、IDM、LFI诊断肝纤维化程度的ROC曲线下面积均在0.7~0.9。当MEAN、%AREA、COMP、SKEW、IDM、LFI 6个参数的截断值分别取10029、3014、2752、042、012、281时，诊断肝纤维化程度的准确性和特异性均在70%以上。〖HT5"H〗结论〖HTK〗〓实时组织弹性成像与慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化分期具有较高的相关性，其中与肝纤维化指数的相关系数最大，其在慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的诊断和评估中具有重要应用价值。     

Three-dimensional soft tissue prediction in orthognathic surgery: a clinical comparison of Dolphin,ProPlan CMF,and probabilistic finite element modelling

Three-dimensional surgical planning is used widely in orthognathic surgery. Although numerous computer programs exist, the accuracy of soft tissue prediction remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to compare the prediction accuracy of Dolphin, ProPlan CMF, and a probabilistic finite element method (PFEM). Seven patients (mean age 18 years; five female) who had undergone Le Fort I osteotomy with preoperative and 1-year postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were included. The three programs were used for soft tissue prediction using planned and postoperative maxillary position, and these were compared to postoperative CBCT. Accurate predictions were obtained with each program, indicated by root mean square distances: RMS_Dolphin = 1.8 ± 0.8 mm, RMS_ProPlan = 1.2 ± 0.4 mm, and RMS_PFEM = 1.3 ± 0.4 mm. Dolphin utilizes a landmark-based algorithm allowing for patient-specific bone-to-soft tissue ratios, which works well for cephalometric radiographs but has limited three-dimensional accuracy, whilst ProPlan and PFEM provide better three-dimensional predictions with continuous displacements. Patient or population-specific material properties can be defined in PFEM, while no soft tissue parameters are adjustable in ProPlan. Important clinical considerations are the topological differences between predictions due to the three algorithms, the non-negligible influence of the mismatch between planned and postoperative maxillary position, and the learning curve associated with sophisticated programs like PFEM.     

Three-year efficacy and patency follow-up of decellularized human internal mammary artery as a novel vascular graft in animal models

Background

Various investigations have reported that the internal mammary artery (IMA) is an efficient and functional choice of conduit for vascular graft surgeries, especially for coronary artery bypass grafts; however, the quest to find an ideal vascular substitute remains. We hypothesized that acellular IMA could be an appropriate graft for small-diameter vascular bypasses that could be used in various surgeries including coronary artery bypass grafting.

Ostium primum atrial septal defect with persistent left superior vena cava opening into unroofed coronary sinus—A rare entity

Raghib syndrome is a rare developmental complex consisting of termination of the left superior vena cava in the left atrium, absence of the coronary sinus, and an atrial septal defect commonly located at the posterior‐inferior angle of the atrial septum. This complex was considered unique to Raghib syndrome; however, cases with a normal atrial septum have been reported where the orifice of the unroofed coronary sinus functions as the inter‐atrial communication. Our patient demonstrated an isolated persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium through unroofed coronary sinus and presence of ostium primum atrial septal defect.     

Percutaneous soft tissue release performed using a blunt cannula in rabbits with chronic collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy

Background

This study investigated the effects of percutaneous soft tissue release (PSTR) performed using a blunt cannula on (1) the inflammatory cells-count, (2) expressions of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and (3) substance P (SP) in rabbits with chronic phase of collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy.

A review of suture anchors

Suture anchors are designed to allow soft tissue to bone healing in cases where inadequate soft tissue stock on bone makes it impossible to perform a direct soft tissue-to-soft tissue repair. Suture anchor fixation is one of the most important innovations in arthroscopic glenohumeral shoulder surgery, optimizing the link between bone and soft tissue at the rotator cuff footprint. Newer developments and techniques have expanded the use of suture anchors to most other musculoskeletal tissues including the hip, elbow, hand, knee foot and ankle.Their success depends on having an understanding of the biology and biomechanics that affect their use and knowing the factors that may affect the clinical outcome. This review concentrates on the design, insertion technique, composition and evolution of suture anchors in orthopaedic surgery and the ways in which they are utilised in different tissues.     

Prenatal Diagnosis of Aortopulmonary Window by 2‐Dimensional Echocardiography: Summary of 8 Cases

Aortopulmonary window (APW) is a rare congenital heart anomaly. A total of 8 cases with APW confirmed by echocardiography and surgery were retrospectively reviewed and the echocardiographic features analyzed. Among the 8 APW cases, 5 were type II and 3 were type III, the latter of which includes 2 cases complicated with Berry syndrome. Prenatal echocardiography can provide accurate information for the diagnosis of fetal APW. The prognosis depends on the timing of surgery and the nature of the associated cardiac anomalies.